Solution

Ce qui suit est un résumé des solutions aux problèmes courants des machines de découpe laser, combiné à un certain nombre de documents techniques et d'expérience pratique de l'industrie, couvrant les aspects mécaniques, optiques, électriques, d'exploitation et de maintenance et d'autres :

 1. Problèmes de qualité de coupe

1. Coupe continue ou incision grossière

 Vérifiez si le réglage de la puissance du laser est trop faible et ajustez les paramètres de puissance du potentiomètre ou du logiciel.  

Nettoyez ou remplacez les lentilles de focalisation et les lentilles réfléchissantes contaminées / usées pour vous assurer que le trajet de la lumière est exempt de déviation.  

Ajustez la distance focale à la position optimale et utilisez l'outil de test de position de mise au point pour calibrer.  

Vérifiez la pureté du gaz auxiliaire (par exemple, azote ou oxygène) et ajustez la pression à la valeur recommandée.  

2. Déviation de la taille de coupe ou déformation du motif

Calibrez l'équivalent d'impulsion du système de commande numérique et ajustez les paramètres de pas dans le logiciel.  

Vérifiez si la vis de la roue de synchronisation est desserrée, si la tension de la courroie est appropriée et serrez les pièces mécaniques.  

Si une perte de pas se produit pendant la coupe dynamique, il est nécessaire de réduire la vitesse de traitement ou de vérifier la stabilité du pilote du moteur.  

3. Bavures ou étincelles anormales

Remplacez les buses usées et optimisez la pression du gaz (par exemple, passez à l'azote pour la coupe de l'acier inoxydable).  

Vérifiez le décalage de la position de mise au point du laser et recalibrez le chemin optique.  

Pour les matériaux hautement réfléchissants (par exemple l'aluminium, le cuivre), utilisez la technologie de perforation par impulsion ou ajoutez des revêtements antireflet.  

 Défauts mécaniques et électriques

1. Mouvement anormal de la machine (marche aléatoire, coincé)

Vérifiez la connexion à la terre pour éliminer les interférences statiques.  

Testez si l'arbre du moteur est cassé, si le roulement de roue synchrone est endommagé et remplacez les pièces endommagées à temps.  

Vérifiez la tension d'alimentation du pilote (généralement 24-60V DC) et utilisez un multimètre pour vérifier la stabilité de l'alimentation à découpage.  

2. Panne du laser ou atténuation de la puissance

Vérifiez si le système de circulation d'eau est normal et remplacez l'eau de refroidissement si la température de l'eau dépasse 40 ° C.  

Court-circuitez le test du signal AIN et + 5V de l'alimentation laser, si la lumière sort, c'est une panne du potentiomètre.  

Remplacez le tube laser vieillissant (si l'atténuation de la lumière dépasse 20 %) ou la partie d'allumage de la ligne haute tension. La plupart des défauts peuvent être résolus par un dépannage de base (comme le nettoyage de la lentille, la vérification de l'alimentation électrique). Les problèmes complexes doivent être combinés avec des manuels d'équipement et une assistance professionnelle. Un entretien régulier peut réduire les pannes soudaines de 80 %. Pour les utilisateurs au niveau de l'entreprise, il est recommandé de prêter attention à la tendance des mises à niveau intelligentes des équipements pour améliorer la compétitivité à long terme. Pour des cas plus détaillés, veuillez vous référer à la bibliothèque de défauts de l'International Metal Processing Network.

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